quinta-feira, 28 de março de 2013

Kung fu na revista Recreio

http://www.recreio.com.br/fique-ligado/kung-fu-fique-por-dentro-desta-arte-marcial-e-conheca-os-golpes-da-luta

Para quem gosta de estatística e de ciência e não aguenta o modo como as informações são manipuladas...


domingo, agosto 09, 2009

Os números não mentem JOÃO UBALDO RIBEIRO

o globo


Os números têm o dom de intimidar as pessoas. Se alguém disser, por exemplo, que a maioria das mulheres casadas é infiel, haverá à mesma mesa quem o conteste imediatamente.

Mas, se a afirmação for que 57,8 por cento das mulheres casadas são infiéis, a respeitabilidade da informação é rapidamente estabelecida, embora, é claro, tanto uma assertiva quanto a outra possam não passar, como no caso, de chutes sem o menor respaldo na realidade. Dizem que um matemático uma vez confrontou Diderot, o enciclopedista, que era ateu, com a sentença "a + b = x, logo Deus existe". Diderot teria embatucado, vencido pelo aparente rigor científico da afirmativa, que, naturalmente, quer dizer apenas que a soma de dois números determinados é igual a um terceiro e é preciso ser bastante panteísta para acreditar que Deus está envolvido no assunto.

Além disso, fomos acostumados a ouvir e repetir que os números não mentem. Mentiriam, neste caso, as palavras, enquanto os números, com toda a exatidão que sugerem, seriam sempre confiáveis. Mas é óbvio que nem números nem palavras mentem.

Quem mente são as pessoas que usam esses números e palavras. E mentem com tamanha desfaçatez que trazem uma péssima reputação à pobre ciência estatística, que já foi e continua vítima de toda sorte de vilipêndio, tais como o que a descreve como a arte de mentir com precisão ou aquela que leva um sujeito a afogarse num rio com a média de 50 centímetros de profundidade. Não é bem assim, mas às vezes parece ser.

No dia a dia das notícias, as estatísticas nos perseguem, até porque, jogadas a torto e a direito, entram em frequente contradição umas com as outras, ou, o que é ainda mais aflitivo, com a realidade que defrontamos.

Estarão mentindo, ou o que vemos e ouvimos não passa de uma impressão paranoica? Que estarão querendo dizer com "o brasileiro médio", "a dona de casa de classe média" ou "os ricos" ou qualquer outra das centenas de categorias em que nos dividem o tempo todo? Bem, não vou dar aula de estatística aqui, até porque me falta qualificação e o que sei dela já lá se vai em aulas longínquas, nunca mais rememoradas.

Mas encontrei, esquecidas num dos socavões do computador, algumas notas que tomei para mostrar o uso sem-vergonha das estatísticas, que nos pega todo santo dia.

Não sei de onde tirei originalmente essas notas e, se são trabalho alheio, me apresso em agradecer, embora não saiba a quem. O objeto escolhido para a "pesquisa" é o pão e o objetivo é provar que ele faz mal. Os percentuais citados não são reais nem têm importância. É com truques como esses que nos empulham e aterrorizam todo santo dia. Aí estão os resultados "estatísticos" para a pesquisa sobre o pão. Os números não mentem.

1. 100% dos consumidores de pão acabam mortos.

2. 98,3% dos presidiários que cumprem pena por crimes violentos são usuários de pão.

3. 85,2% de todos os alunos do ensino médio que obtêm resultados insatisfatórios nas provas consomem pão diariamente.

4. No século XVIII, quando todo o pão era preparado nas próprias residências dos consumidores, a expectativa de vida média era de menos de 50 anos. As taxas de mortalidade infantil eram absurdamente elevadas, muitas mulheres morriam de parto e doenças tais como as febres tifoide e amarela dizimavam cidades inteiras.

5. 92,7% dos crimes violentos são cometidos dentro de 24 horas depois da ingestão de pão.

6. O pão é feito basicamente de farinha de trigo. Está provado que menos de 500 gramas de farinha de trigo são suficientes para sufocar um rato. O indivíduo médio, que consome dois pães de cinquenta gramas por dia, terá ingerido, no fim do mês, farinha suficiente para ter matar seis ratos.

7. Sociedades tribais primitivas que não fazem uso do pão apresentam baixa incidência de câncer, do Mal de Alzheimer, de Parkinson e de osteoporose.

8. Está provado estatística e cientificamente que o uso do pão causa dependência física e mental. Pesquisa feita em voluntários revelou que 99,8% daqueles que foram submetidos a uma dieta forçada, somente à base de água, imploraram por pão, em três dias ou menos.

9. O pão é um alimento frequentemente utilizado em conjunto com outros alimentos pesados e prejudiciais à saúde, tais como a manteiga, queijo, geleia e embutidos, todos ricos em gorduras e colesterol.

10. Testes científicos comprovaram que o pão absorve a água. Partindo da premissa de que mais de dois terços do corpo humano são água, todo aquele que ingere pão corre o risco de sofrer desidratação grave.

11. O pão é assado em fornos cujas temperaturas são mantidas acima de 200º Celsius. Essa temperatura pode matar um ser humano adulto em menos de um minuto.

12. 58% dos indivíduos que consomem pão são totalmente incapazes de distinguir entre fatos científicos comprovadamente significativos e baboseiras pseudoestatísticas sem sentido e manipuladas, como esta.

Claro nós não estamos nesses 58% (ou 58,4 ou 46,9), nós somos prevenidos contra esse tipo de coisa. É verdade. E assim me despeço, congratulando-me com todos vocês, pois 97,6% dos que leram esta coluna no domingo passado se mantiveram a semana inteira com a saúde estável e sem problemas no trabalho.

Periodização e função neuromuscular dos mmii em atletas de TKD

Life Science Journal 2012;9(3)

Training Periodization in Lower Limb Performance and Neuromuscular Controlling in taekwondo athletes
Yen Ke-tien
Department of sports, health and leisure, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. ktyen2006@gmail.com
Background: Taekwondo is a powerful sport in which the maximal performance relies on anaerobic metabolism and explosive power. Aims: to determine the dedication of different strength and power training programs (off-season, pre-season and in-season) to lower limb performance and physiological modulation during a 20-week training period. Methods: Eight male collegiate taekwondo athletes completed 20-week systemic training programs divided into a linear training mesocycle (general conditioning, muscular recruitment, and hypertrophy) from 1 to 12 weeks, and two microcycle (maximum strength , explosive power, agility, speed) from 13 to 20 weeks in periodized fluctuation. Subjects were evaluated biochemical index, forearm total vascular occlusion test and muscular stiffness test six times during Training program: at the beginning (week 0, date1, T1), in the middle (week 2, Date 13, T2; week 8, Date 55, T3; week 14, Date 97, T4; week 18, Date 125, T5) and at the end (week 21, Date 143, T6) of the training program. Squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and continuous jump bent leg (CJb) were tested before and after the systemic strength training period. Results: There were significantly increasing in the SJ (7.8(2.7)%), CMJ (18.3(4.1)%) and CJb (8.7(4.7)%) after the totally training programs. Training increased creatine kinase levels from T1 to T4 (327.8%) and recovered at T6 (99.4%). Muscle damage and muscular recruitment function recovered at T6 after taper. Conclusion: The conjunction of systemic periodized 20 weeks training programs would increase lower limb performance and strengthen neuromuscular controlling in taekwondo athletes. 

História da mulher coreana no TKD, após a Segunda Guerra Mundial


A modern history of women taekwondo in korea since the second world war  ( Review )

a  Department of Sport Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
b  Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
c  Department of Physical Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea

The founding of the Korean Women Taekwondo Federation means the fetal movement of women taekwondo in Korea and it can be said to have been quite significant in that it increased women's confidence in their statuses and activities in the environments of the times when women's social activities were increasing. The development of women taekwondo competitions began in earnest when the first women taekwondo hall in the world was opened as a result of passionate activities of early female taekwondo practitioners and the first taekwondo club was established in Ehwa Woman's University. Women's aspiration towards the challenge to the Olympic Games as well as international competitions is gradually increasing through the expansion of the base of women taekwondo. The status of women taekwondo in Korea that has been enhanced through challenges to various international competitions thus far beginning with the single taekwondo championship of foreigners in Korea in 1968 can be said to have contributed to the enhancement of the status of Korea as the birthplace of taekwondo and it is considered that women taekwondo could have continuously developed through diverse taekwondo championships by age held with women's steady effort and the expansion of the base of women taekwondo instructors
.

Abstract


Marketing e artes marciais


Volume 10, Issue SUPPL.1, 2013, Pages 170-176

Review of the capacity of sports marketing and related factors in order to increase financial resources and development of sports fields with emphasis on martial arts

Department of Physical Education, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

This study reviews the capacity of sports marketing and Factors to increase its financial resources and development of sports fields with emphasis on martial arts. The form of statistical study of field sports Managers Association of Karate, Taekwondo and Wushu, Cultural Heritage and Tourism Department media related of exercise that were about 77 people. Research sample included 40 that were selected sampling choice. Research survey that collected data for the researcher-designed questionnaire, the validity and reliability of the polls was used (α =0.79). Research data for analysis of the Pearson correlation test was used for multivariate Regression. The results also identify potential marketing of sport martial arts, the share of each factor in the development of sports marketing and promotion of sports fields (with emphasis on martial arts) in the country to identify.

sábado, 23 de março de 2013

TKD entre as modalidades com maior incidência de lesão nos Jogos Olímpicos de Londres


 2013 Mar 20. [Epub ahead of print]

Sports injuries and illnesses during the London Summer Olympic Games 2012.

Source

Medical & Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The Olympic Movement Medical Code encourages all stakeholders to ensure that sport is practised without danger to the health of the athletes. Systematic surveillance of injuries and illnesses is the foundation for developing preventive measures in sport.

AIM:

To analyse the injuries and illnesses that occurred during the Games of the XXX Olympiad, held in London in 2012.

METHODS:

We recorded the daily occurrence (or non-occurrence) of injuries and illnesses (1) through the reporting of all National Olympic Committee (NOC) medical teams and (2) in the polyclinic and medical venues by the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games' (LOCOG) medical staff.

RESULTS:

In total, 10 568 athletes (4676 women and 5892 men) from 204 NOCs participated in the study. NOC and LOCOG medical staff reported 1361 injuries and 758 illnesses, equalling incidences of 128.8 injuries and 71.7 illnesses per 1000 athletes. Altogether, 11% and 7% of the athletes incurred at least one injury or illness, respectively. The risk of an athlete being injured was the highest in taekwondo, football, BMX, handball, mountain bike, athletics, weightlifting, hockey and badminton, and the lowest in archery, canoe slalom and sprint, track cycling, rowing, shooting and equestrian. 35% of the injuries were expected to prevent the athlete from participating during competition or training. Women suffered 60% more illnesses than men (86.0 vs 53.3 illnesses per 1000 athletes). The rate of illness was the highest in athletics, beach volleyball, football, sailing, synchronised swimming and taekwondo. A total of 310 illnesses (41%) affected the respiratory system and the most common cause of illness was infection (n=347, 46%).

CONCLUSIONS:

At least 11% of the athletes incurred an injury during the games and 7% of the athletes' an illness. The incidence of injuries and illnesses varied substantially among sports. Future initiatives should include the development of preventive measures tailored for each specific sport and the continued focus among sport bodies to institute and further develop scientific injury and illness surveillance systems.

quinta-feira, 21 de março de 2013

Perda de peso gera vantagem mental em atletas de combate


Journal of Athletic Training 2013;48(1):99–108 doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-48.1.04

Practices of Weight Regulation Among Elite Athletes in Combat Sports: A Matter of Mental Advantage?
Stefan Pettersson, MS, RD; Marianne Pipping Ekstro¨m, PhD; Christina M. Berg,
PhD, RD
Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
Context: The combination of extensive weight loss and inadequate nutritional strategies used to lose weight rapidly for competition in weight-category sports may negatively affect athletic performance and health. Objective: To explore the reasoning of elite combat-sport athletes about rapid weight loss and regaining of weight before competitions. Design: Qualitative study. Setting: With grounded theory as a theoretical framework, we employed a cross-examinational approach including interviews, observations, and Internet sources. Sports observations were obtained at competitions and statements by combat-sport athletes were collected on the Internet. Patients or Other Participants: Participants in the interviews were 14 Swedish national team athletes (9 men, 5 women; age range, 18 to 36 years) in 3 Olympic combat sports (wrestling, judo, and taekwondo). Data Collection and Analysis: Semistructured interviews with 14 athletes from the Swedish national teams in wrestling, judo, and taekwondo were conducted at a location of each participant’s choice. The field observations were conducted at European competitions in these 3 sports. In addition, interviews and statements made by athletes in combat sports were collected on the Internet. Results: Positive aspects of weight regulation other than gaining physical advantage emerged from the data during the analysis: sport identity, mental diversion, and mental advantage. Together and individually, these categories point toward the positive aspects of weight regulation experienced by the athletes. Practicing weight regulation mediates a self-image of being ‘‘a real athlete.’’ Weight regulation is also considered mentally important as a part of the precompetition preparation, serving as a coping strategy by creating a feeling of increased focus and commitment. Moreover, a mental advantage relative to one’s opponents can be gained through the practice of weight regulation. Conclusions: Weight regulation has mentally important functions extending beyond the common notion that combatsport athletes reduce their weight merely to gain a physical edge
over their opponents.
Key Words: grounded theory, sport identity, self-esteem,
sport nutrition, weight loss

terça-feira, 19 de março de 2013

Suplementação de creatina em praticantes de TKD

Resultados não tão esperados...


EFECTOS DE LA SUPLEMENTACION CON CREATINA EN PRACTICANTES DE TAEKWONDO

Rafael Manjarrez-Montes de Oca1,2, Fernando Farfán-González3, Socorro Camarillo-Romero4, Patricia Tlatempa-Sotelo1, Carlos Francisco-Argüelles5, Alexander Kormanowski6, Javier González-Gallego2
and Ildefonso Alvear-Ordenes2
Nutr Hosp. 2013;28(2):391-399


ISSN 0212-1611 • CODEN NUHOEQ
S.V.R. 318

Resumen
Introducción:El Taekwondo (TKD) es un arte marcial, que ha sido propuesto también en programas de actividad física, con un fuerte componente anaeróbico. La suplementación con creatina (Cr), utilizada para mejorar el rendimiento deportivo y la composición corporal, puede ser beneficiosa en TKD.
Objetivos: Determinar el efecto de la suplementación de Cr sobre la composición corporal, potencia anaeróbica y bioquímica sanguínea en practicantes jóvenes de TKD. Métodos: Diez practicantes varones de TKD (edad [20 ± 2 años], estatura [1,69 ± 0,06 m], peso [67,0 ± 9,8 kg]) participaron en un ensayo aleatorizado cruzado (grupo control + placebo). Se evaluaron (pre-post suplementación) la composición corporal (DEXA), la potencia anaeróbica (Test de Wingate), el lactato y la bioquímica sanguínea. Se calculó la diferencia entre los valores pre y post ingestión para ambos tratamientos (Cr y placebo) y se compararon las diferencias usando la prueba de signos y rangos de Wilcoxon.
Resultados:La masa grasa (kg) disminuyó después del placebo (Mdn [IqR] = -0,75 [-1,44 a 0,03]) mientras que con Cr se elevó significativamente (0,17 [-0,77 a 1,13] kg) (Z = 2,191, p < 0,028, r = 0,49). La concentración sanguínea de triglicéridos (mg/mL) aumentó con Cr (45,00 [-7,50 a 75,00]) y disminuyó con Placebo (-7,00 [-10,75 a 12,00]) (Z = 2,090, p < 0,037, r = 0,47). No hubo cambios significativos en otros parámetros.Conclusiones: La suplementación con creatina puede incrementar la masa grasa y la concentración sanguínea de triglicéridos en jóvenes practicantes de TKD, sin mejorar la potencia anaerobia. La suplementación parece ser segura, pero es necesario ser cuidadosos cuando se busca disminuir el peso corporal.



http://www.nutricionhospitalaria.com/pdf/6314.pdf

World Combat Games 2013


domingo, 17 de março de 2013

Segundo texto no site da AGMJKB

http://gmjb.org.br/noticias/aptidao-fisica-e-antropometria-no-judo-aspectos-necessarios-mas-nao-suficientes/


Aptidão física e antropometria no judô: aspectos necessários, mas não suficientes.

franchini
No primeiro material apresentado no site da Associação Grand Masters & Kodanshas de Judô do Brasil tratei da importância de alguns aspectos antropométricos e de aptidão física em atletas de judô, apresentando um estudo que demonstrou que alguns desses fatores discriminavam atletas de elite daqueles considerados como não-elite. Pois bem, nesse texto avanço um pouco mais quanto a esses aspectos, colocando a seguinte questão: será que as características antropométricas e de aptidão física continuam sendo tão relevantes quando o nível dos atletas analisados aumenta?
Para responder a essa pergunta, analisamos em 2002, os atletas de judô da seleção brasileira sênior, considerando titulares (n = 7) e reservas (n = 15). Esse trabalho foi publicado em 2007 no periódico japonês Journal of Physiological Anthropology.
Neste estudo foram analisados: antropometria – massa corporal, estatura, espessura de 10 dobras cutâneas, oito circunferências, três diâmetros ósseos e estimativa do percentual de gordura; desempenho no Special Judo Fitness Test(SJFT); testes de força máxima (uma repetição máxima, 1RM) nos exercícios supino, remada e agachamento; teste para a estimativa da potência aeróbia (VO2máx estimado pelo teste de Cooper). Como resultado central foi observado que nenhuma das variáveis estudadas discriminou adequadamente os atletas titulares do reservas. Assim, é possível considerar que, embora bons níveis de condição física sejam importantes para o desempenho no judô (i.e., algo necessário), essas variáveis não determinam o desempenho competitivo de atletas de nível elevado (i.e., não são suficientes).


Acesso gratuito ao texto completo em:



sábado, 16 de março de 2013

Dimensões da mão e força de preensão manual em atletas de judô

Handgrip strength and hand dimensions in high-level inter-university judoists
Juan M. Cortell-Tormo 1, Jose A Perez-Turpin 1, Ángel G. Lucas-Cuevas 2, Pedro Perez-Soriano 2, Salvador Llana-Belloch 2, Maria Jose Martinez-Patiño 3
1 - Department of general and Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Spain
2 - Department of Sport and Physical Education, University of Valencia, Spain
3 - Faculty of Educational Sciences and Sports, University of Vigo, Spain
Arch Budo 2013; 9(1):
Manuscript ID: 883826
Article type: Original article
Abstract provided by Publisher  
Background and Study Aim: Handgrip strength plays a major role in many sports. In Judo, a single grasp allows the judoka to attack, defend and counter-attack through different movements in a span of four to six directions. Some general and hand-specific anthropometric measurements have been positively related to handgrip strength. Therefore, the aim of this study was the influence of general and hand anthropometric parameters in handgrip strength and sport achievement.
Material and Methods: Fifty four judokas aged 19-25 years participants of the Inter-University Championship of Spain 2009 took part in this study. Body height and body mass were measured and body mass index was calculated as general anthropometric parameters. Three groups of hand specific parameters were measured: finger spans, finger lengths and hand perimeters. The handgrip strength was measured by digital dynamometer in both hands.
Results: The general and some hand-specific (finger lengths, hand perimeters) measurements were significantly different among the weight groups (p<0.05) and positively correlated with handgrip strength for the whole group. However, only a few measurements – IFL,MFL,P4,P5 – were positively correlated among weight groups. Poor correlations were found between hand-specific variables – TL,IFL,MFL,P4 – and sport achievement. Only P3 was highly correlated with sport achievement and together with FS1 explained 44.4% of its variance.
Conclusions: The results indicate that the handgrip strength is mostly dependent on the basic (body height) and hand-specific (IFL, MFL, and P4) anthropometric parameters in judokas. Sport achievement was related to hand perimeter (P3), but its variability was weakly explained and thus hand-specific measurements may not be good predictors for judo performance.


TKD melhora o controle postural em pessoas acima de 40 anos


 2013;5:10. Epub 2013 Mar 13.

Taekwondo Training Improves Balance in Volunteers Over 40.

Source

Department of Neurology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, University Hospital Maastricht Maastricht, Netherlands.

Abstract

Balance deteriorates with age, and may eventually lead to falling accidents which may threaten independent living. As Taekwondo contains various highly dynamic movement patterns, Taekwondo practice may sustain or improve balance. Therefore, in 24 middle-aged healthy volunteers (40-71 year) we investigated effects of age-adapted Taekwondo training of 1 h a week during 1 year on various balance parameters, such as: motor orientation ability (primary outcome measure), postural and static balance test, single leg stance, one leg hop test, and a questionnaire. Motor orientation abilitysignificantly increased in favor of the antero-posterior direction with a difference of 0.62° toward anterior compared to pre-training measurement, when participants corrected the tilted platform rather toward the posterior direction; female gender being an independent outcome predictor. On postural balance measurements sway path improved in all 19 participants, with a median of 9.3 mm/s (range 0.71-45.86), and sway area in 15 participants with 4.2 mm2/s (range 17.39-1.22). Static balance improved with an average of 5.34 s for the right leg, and with almost 4 s for the left. Median single leg stance duration increased in 17 participants with 5 s (range 1-16), and in 13 participants with 8 s (range 1-18). The average one leg hop test distance increased (not statistically significant) with 9.5 cm. The questionnaire reported a better "ability to maintain balance" in 16. In conclusion, our data suggest that age-adapted Taekwondo training improves various aspects of balance control in healthy people over the age of 40.

KEYWORDS:

Taekwondo, dynamic balance, hard martial arts, senior citizens, static balance

Impacto do chute em diferentes categorias do TKD


 2012 Mar;31:37-43. doi: 10.2478/v10078-012-0004-x. Epub 2012 Apr 3.

Effect of olympic weight category on performance in the roundhouse kick to the head in taekwondo.

Source

Department of Management and Applied Sciences in Physical Activity and Sport. Catholic University of Valencia, Spain.

Abstract

In taekwondo, kick performance is generally measured using impact force and time. This study aimed to analyse performance in the roundhouse kick to the head according to execution distance between and within Olympic weight categories. The participants were 36 male athletes divided into three categories: featherweight (n = 10), welterweight (n = 15) and heavyweight (n = 11). Our results show that taekwondo athletes in all weight categories generate a similar relative impact force. However, the results indicate that weight has a large impact on kick performance, particularly in relation to total response time.

KEYWORDS:

biomechanics, body mass, execution distance, taekwondo combat

http://www.johk.pl/files/14estevan.pdf

quinta-feira, 14 de março de 2013

Vídeo-game criado pelo Michel Calmet e comercializado com selo da FFJDA em 1985

Muito interessante para o judoca refletir sobre combinações de golpes e contra-ataques. Com atualização gráfica atrairia bastante as crianças praticantes de judô.

Eventos científicos: uma comparação...

Comparem os preços:
Simpósio sobre pesquisas relacionadas ao judô:
http://judoresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/VIII-IAJR-Symposium-Rio-Call-for-Programmes.pdf
Atividade básica: apresentação de temas-livres e pôsteres
Duração: 1 dia
Custo:  290-390 libras
Benefícios declarados: Desconto na participação do próximo simpósio, certificado de membro.

Congresso sobre Ciências do Esporte
http://www.ecss-congress.eu/2013/13/
Atividade básica: conferências com os maiores especialistas do mundo, apresentação de temas-livres e pôsteres.
Duração: 4 dias
Custo: 325-450 euros
Benefícios declarados: coffee break (7) e almoços (3), festa de encerramento e festa do congresso. Assinatura anual do periódico European Journal of Sport Science

Em tempo:
Minha participação no primeiro: 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007
Minha participação no segundo: 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007 e 2010

Minha decisão quanto ao meu envolvimento com o primeiro:

https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B6F18t_8Glc7Vk50U1A2eTNyRDg/edit?usp=sharing

Minha decisão quanto ao envolvimento com o segundo evento: trabalho submetido.

Outras opções: 390 libras dá para comprar o melhor judogi da Mizuno; ingressos para o Mundial de Judô...

Vizer declara ser candidato a presidente da SportAccord.


http://www.insidethegames.biz/1013335-ex

quarta-feira, 13 de março de 2013

Para reflexão

"What you do in this world is a matter of no consequence; the question is, what can you make people believe that you have done?"

segunda-feira, 11 de março de 2013

ORGANIZING, MANAGING AND REGULATING MARTIAL ARTS


Martial arts is a sport that is often criticized; it is by some called a barbaric sport and frequently connected to criminal circuits. The general public opinion is that there is a need for a ban, which is supported by some administrators. On the other hand, remarkably, there are also administrators who believe in the pedagogic value of martial arts and who see martial arts as an instrument in the upbringing of (problematic) youngsters. These ambiguous meanings and values make it difficult to organize and regulate martial arts in a clear-cut manner. Regulation of martial arts can be described as a wicked social problem because government, the martial arts sector itself and the related commercial organizations (promoters) are not able to solve this issue. Especially the martial arts sector, hopelessly fragmentized due to long-lasting conflicts, is incapable to regulate the sport. Therefore, they will have to work together with the government and promoters to tackle this issue (Koppenjan & Klijn, 2004). Particularly in the field of martial arts, which is characterized as a field with a complex hierarchy of values, it is difficult to tackle problems like safety and creating a good pedagogical atmosphere.  The organization and regulation of martial arts seem to be an issue to be solved at the national level only. However, this issue is less and less bound to geographical places or limited to specific countries, and therefore the options governments have to influence it are diminished nowadays (Koppenjan & Klijn, 2004). This deterritorialization and globalization of martial arts asks for research at the local, national, continental and global level. Although the regulation of martial arts is a complex and persistent issue, just few studies have been carried out on this topic, mostly in the United States (see Smith & Drake, 2009; Kim, 2010; Maher, 2010; Daum 2011 and Berg & Chalip, 2012). So, little is known about the nature of the problems experienced in organizing, managing and regulating martial arts. Further research and exchange of the results of research could be helpful to gain further insights to solve the problems related to governance, regulation and management of martial arts especially within the European context. 
The aim of the workshop is to invite all who are interested and involved in the field of martial arts to open up a dialogue and debate about the various problems experienced in organizing, managing and regulating this sport at the local, national, continental and global level. Further intentions are to initiate and stimulate research cooperation, exchange of information and to start to develop a European/global network of researchers and policy makers involved in organizing, managing and regulating martial arts.
Format
The workshop will be held in the form of oral presentations of abstracts/papers. It will start with an introduction of the sub-theme and a summary of recent research by the workshop convenors. Each session contains a maximum of four presentations and will allow appropriate time for discussion with and between presenters. At the end of the workshop we plan to run a panel discussion where the contributions of the workshop to the field of research will be summarised and the academic as well as managerial consequences for its further development will be discussed.
Conveners
Drs. Marianne Dortants, Utrecht University, Netherlands (M.dortants@uu.nl)
Prof. Dr. Marc Theeboom, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium (marc.theeboom@vub.ac.be)
Prof. Dr. Maarten van Bottenburg, Utrecht University, Netherlands (M.vanBottenburg@uu.nl)


http://www.easm2013.com/workshop-g/